Modules

Modules is a collection of functions and classes in a seperate .py other than your main.py file that can be imported and used in your scripts. They are a way to reuse/organize your code.

How to use a module

A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements. The file name is the module name with the suffix .py added. Within a module, the module’s name (as a string) is available as the value of the global variable __name__.

Consider the following folder structure:

my_project/
│
├── my_script.py
└── my_module.py

This is the content of my_module.py:

def my_module_function():
    print("Hello from my_module_function")

class MyModuleClass:
    def __init__(self):
        print("Hello from MyModuleClass")

This is the content of my_script.py:

import my_module

def my_script_function():
    print("Hello from my_script_function")

my_class = my_module.MyModuleClass()
my_script_function()
my_module.my_module_function()

In this example, my_script.py is a script that uses the module my_module.py. The module my_module.py is a file that contains the definitions and statements that are used in my_script.py.

Different ways to import a module

There are different ways to import a module:

import my_module  # Import the entire module

my_class = my_module.MyModuleClass()
my_module.my_module_function()

import my_module as mm  # Import the entire module and give it a name

from my_module import MyModuleClass  # Import a specific object not all

my_class = MyModuleClass()

from my_module import *  # Import all objects from the module

my_class = MyModuleClass()
my_module_function()

🛠 Exercise

Module for exercise 1 and 2: 🐍⬇️⬇️⬇️ Download the script here ⬇️⬇️⬇️🐍 01: 🐍⬇️⬇️⬇️ Download the script here ⬇️⬇️⬇️🐍 02: 🐍⬇️⬇️⬇️ Download the script here ⬇️⬇️⬇️🐍